Where was this Jamaican-Puerto Rican cultural hybrid created? Not in a social democratic Jamaica that become wealthy enough that the locals wouldnt work in the bauxite mines anymore and Puerto Ricans migrated to fill the role; not in an independent Puerto Rico inspired by a pan-Caribbean worldview. Modern reggeaton was created in New York after structural adjustment policies wreaked havoc in countries such as Jamaica and Puerto Rico causing their citizens to migrate to the imperial core.