The simulations showed that a 50-metre asteroid could be completely destroyed by a 300-kiloton nuclear explosion, equivalent to about 20 Hiroshima bombs. Increasing the yield to 3 megatons was enough to completely destroy a 100-metre asteroid.

Burial depth also made a big difference. For a 1km asteroid, placing a 3-megaton bomb 30 metres beneath the surface produced a velocity change of about 30cm per second – more than three times that achieved by burying it 10 metres deep and about 110 times the speed change produced during Nasa’s Dart mission.